Instruction: Explain how module.exports is used in Node.js applications.
Context: This question tests the candidate's understanding of the module system in Node.js, specifically how functionality is exposed from one module to another.
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To clarify, let's assume we have a module that performs arithmetic operations. Without module.exports, the functions defined within that module would remain enclosed and inaccessible to other parts of the application. By attaching these functions to module.exports, we essentially make them available for import using the require() function in other modules. This allows for a modular and organized codebase, where functionalities are neatly separated and easily maintainable.
For example, if we have an arithmetic.js module that defines functions for basic arithmetic operations like...
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