Design a system using machine learning to improve energy efficiency in smart buildings.
Instruction: Discuss the types of data you would collect, the models you might use, how you would train and evaluate these models, and how the system would adapt to changing conditions.
Context: This question evaluates the candidate's ability to integrate machine learning into IoT and smart systems, with a focus on sustainability and adaptive learning.
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I would define the objective carefully because energy efficiency cannot be optimized in isolation from comfort, safety, and equipment health. The system has to reduce waste while respecting occupancy needs and operating constraints.
A practical design would...