Instruction: Describe the techniques and methodologies you would use to estimate model performance.
Context: This question assesses the candidate's ability to evaluate machine learning models in challenging scenarios where direct validation is difficult.
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I would not pretend there is a clean answer if the labels do not exist yet. In that situation, I would build a validation strategy from multiple weaker signals rather than rely on one shaky proxy and overstate confidence.
That usually means combining delayed outcome...
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