Instruction: Explain what Higher-Order Functions are and provide examples of their use.
Context: This question tests the candidate's knowledge of functional programming concepts within JavaScript.
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For example, a very common Higher-Order Function that you might already be familiar with is the Array.prototype.map function. It takes a callback function as an argument, which is applied to every element in the array, returning a new array with the results. This is incredibly powerful for transforming data without mutating the original array.
Another example is the Array.prototype.filter method. It accepts a callback function that is used to determine whether an element should be included in the resulting array based on whether the callback returns a truthy value for that element. This makes filtering datasets concise and readable....