Instruction: Explain how you would identify and adjust for unmeasured confounding in a longitudinal study assessing the impact of a new health intervention.
Context: This question evaluates the candidate’s understanding of advanced techniques for dealing with unmeasured confounding in longitudinal studies. Candidates should discuss methods such as sensitivity analysis, instrumental variables, or using proxy variables. The response should include a discussion on the assumptions necessary for these methods to be valid and potential limitations in their application.