Explain the process and challenges of cross-lingual transfer learning in NLP.
Instruction: Discuss how models can be adapted from a source language to perform tasks in a target language, including techniques and common obstacles.
Context: This question probes the candidate's knowledge of transfer learning across languages, highlighting their understanding of both the methodology and the inherent challenges.
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Cross-lingual transfer means using knowledge learned in one language, often a high-resource one, to improve performance in another language with less data...