What is 'Simpson's Paradox', and how can it mislead causal inference?

Instruction: Define 'Simpson's Paradox' and provide an example of how it can lead to incorrect causal interpretations.

Context: This question evaluates the candidate's understanding of Simpson's Paradox and their ability to recognize situations where causal relationships can be confounded by it.

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Simpson's Paradox is essentially about the confounding variables that are not apparent at...

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